Cases in the american constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cases in the american constitution - Essay Example Being unable to assume the appointed offices without the commission documents, Marbury and three others petitioned the Court to force Madison to deliver the commission to Marbury. The Supreme Court denied Marburys petition, holding that the statute upon which he based his claim was unconstitutional. Irons (1999) wrote, in a style suitable for non-lawyers, of special interest to social activists and and critical race theory, as well as how issues of race have been shaped by, and in turn shaped, major decisions of the Supreme Court.1 Irons provided the case by adding to the "human interest" factor making it entertaining (and sometimes emotionally wrenching) and educational. In his first section "To Establish a More Perfect Union," he wrote about the background in the framing of the constitution and the origins of the Supreme Court while in the next section, "It Is a Constitution We Are Expounding," Irons wrote about the separation of powers and the Supreme Courts jurisdiction evolved discussing Marbury vs. Madison. Irons (1999) narrated how the Court rendered a unanimous (4-0) decision stating that Marbury had the right to his commission but the court did not have the power to force Madison to deliver the commission, on February 24, 1803. Chief Justice Marshall wrote the opinion of the court. Marshall presented the case as raising three distinct questions: (1) Did Marbury have a right to the commission? (2) Do the laws of the country give Marbury a legal remedy? (3) Is asking the Supreme Court for a writ of mandamus the correct legal remedy? Marshall quickly answered the first two questions affirmatively. He found that the failure to deliver the commission was "violative of a vested legal right." In deciding whether Marbury had a remedy, Marshall stated: "The government of the United States has been emphatically termed a government of laws and not of men. It will certainly cease to deserve this high

Movie 'Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967)' review about race

'Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967)' about race according to reading 'In Characters - Movie Review Example The following movie is wonderfully and benevolently an entertaining film. Its production is much in the way of arena drawing humor that seems to involve something more severe and difficult than it really looks. Racism becomes the center problem in the movie. In this relation, Jackson’s article reveals that blacks face a higher percentage of racism in the movie production sphere. Basing on the movie, the marriage between the black man and white miss does not go through because of social bias and race. Thus, the article tries to uphold the concept of racism in Hollywood. In relation to acts of the movie, the theme of racism reflects in different situations. Firstly is the determination of white apprehension about race in the current universal privileges period. Moreover, accepted customs hardly ever challenged the people who had run away from thorough media analysis earlier kept for the whites. In rare instances, the movie tries to analyze prejudice around the south. Thus, the result is cautious and straightforward. In this relation, a problem notable in this movie bases on Spenser Stacy and Katherine Hepburn who viewed themselves as very influential and successful white people. Their moment busts when their daughter came in with a black boyfriend. They became disappointed due to the spirit of racism in them (Hamilton137). Basing on the article, people who have been in supremacy for a very long era were the whites. They tended to employ other white in supporting them. In addition, when they saw a chronicle, people involved were white men or particular kinds of their women. However, as several generations come into place different looks come into play. Thus, this integrates all actors around the globe to the movie industry. Basing on above, understanding of racism becomes clear. In relation, the movie is all about the whites and only a few blacks like the black fiancà © emerge. Basing on the

Age of Enlightenment and Candide Voltaire Candide Essay Example for Free

Age of Enlightenment and Candide Voltaire Candide Essay Candide is an outlandishly humorous, far-fetched tale by Voltaire satirizing the optimism espoused by the philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. It is the story An Analysis of Candide, and Voltaires Controversial Convictions voices. yahoo. com/an-analysis-candide-voltaires-controversial-695221. ht? Dec 13, 2007 One of Voltaires premier criticisms in Candide is quite in alignment with Enlightenment teachings: the belief that the church has become How did Voltaire ideas from Candide disagree with spirit of the answers. yahoo.com Society Culture †º Religion Spirituality? Oct 15, 2010 He angered the government but was in the spirit of the Enlightenment. Voltaire, who was an Enlightenment thinker, reflected his concern with the The Age of Enlightenment and Candide ? Aug 18, 2013 How does Voltaire use satire in Candide to teach about the Sep 12, 2012 In what ways does Voltaires Candide reflect Enlightenment values Sep 11, 2010 Candide and the Enlightenment? Jan 2, 2009 More results from answers. yahoo. com Voltaire and Candide University of Idaho www. webpages. uidaho. edu/engl_258/ /voltaire_and_candide. htm? Voltaire (1694-1778) and Candide (1759): Enlightenment Values and Print 258. Is this really The Best of All Possible Worlds Pangloss and his Candide and the Enlightenment A New-Made World WordPress mbroek. wordpress. com/2012/09/21/candide-and-the-enlightenment/? A description for this result is not available because of this sites robots. txt – learn more. Essay on The Enlightenment in Voltaires Candide www. directessays. com/viewpaper/251. html?

Skills of a mental health nurse

Skills of a mental health nurse Mental Health Insight Exercise 1 Mental wellbeing is the ability for one to have a stable mentality about life, someone who goes about day-to-day activities with an open mind. According to MIND, a good mental wellbeing is about an individual is able to do concerning valuing and accepting oneself. This mental wellbeing can be achieved by caring for or about oneself, recognising yourself to be a valuable individual in your own right, not having to earn the right to exist and you tend to judge yourself on realistic standards. Health Challenge Wales website also illustrated mental wellbeing as; everyone has emotional and mental health needs. Sustaining good mental health is significant because it affects how we reflect and feel about ourselves as well as others. It can also affect how we deal with everyday life events, such as relationships and dealing with change. Signs of people experiencing mental health problems may vary widely, however people suffering from early stages of mental health illness may not notice changes that are occurring but these changes may be obvious to others. Some common signs may be changes in the way they feel, lack of sleep, not feeling hungry, not caring about their appearance, lethargic, low energy levels, equally feeling highly energetic, wanting to go out a lot, becoming a lot more creative and sociable may signs of high. Hearing voices is one of the main signs and this can be very distressing for a first timer. Some people can start to see images no one else sees and this may cause immense distress. Biological are those which are biological in nature. They can include our individual genetic make-up and the way that this might put us at more or less risk than others. It has also been found that those who have suffered (usually more severe) head injuries can also experience changes to their personality, and in some cases may begin to experience schizophrenia and psychotic type symptoms. The misuse of substances or illness of mothers during pregnancy, (such as through picking up viruses like the flu) can also lead to changes in their babys development which may ultimately effect their mental health. Recent reports have also suggested that vitamin and mineral deficiencies such as Vitamin D, zinc and certain fatty acids may also be related to our mental health and the development of neurological symptoms. Social factors are those factors around us such as where we live, whether we have strong support networks, (close family and friends who make us feel safe and who we can rely on) our place of work and how and where we can relax. Physical environments such as the neighbourhood where you live can be very stressful, particularly when there are problems with neighbours, or where there are high crime rates and other such issues. Whetheryou enjoyyour work, or feelyou are under too much pressure, are unable to find employment or hold down a job, can all put pressure onyour mental well-being. These kinds of problems will increase the amount of stress people are under, and can cause depression and anxiety, especially in situations where individuals are unable to make changes to alleviate the stressors. When we face difficult times our support networks become very important those who do not have close friends or families, or those who do not live near the people who support them may find it in creasingly difficult to cope alone. Psychological factorscan influence your mental and emotional state, particularly if you arecoping with traumatic and abusive past or current experiences. Significant life events, like bereavement, divorce or if you have self-destructive thought patterns and perceptions, can impact on your mental health. For example, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and in more extreme cases Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID – in the past referred to as multiple personality disorder) are all mental health conditions that are commonly found in people who have been abused. Exercise 2 Integrated care pathways (ICP) are multidisciplinary outlines of expected care, to be used by health professionals to assist service users with particular conditions to move step by step through clinical experiences to attain constructive outcomes. ICPs are important and help to minimise unnecessary variations in patient care and outcomes, however there are circumstances where these variations from pathways are necessary to attain a positive clinical outcome. The importance of ICPs is that they also improve the communication and collaboration between multidisciplinary teams; it also empowers and informs patients and carers to meet the clinical requirements (Middleton S et al, 2001). ICP also encourages local services to assess their own practice and then use that evidence to decide whether the right skills are available to meet the service users’ needs. The NHS QIS illustrates some of variations of the integrated care pathways of mental health illnesses such as dementia etc. It iterates the planning of patients care using a patient centred approach, in that the care provided must be planned with the patient and their informal carers. It also looks into the patient being allowed to make informed decisions on the treatment and care they receive. Some of the interventions to take place include; A generic but comprehensive assessment which looks to identify physical and mental health, social housing and other needs. Measures of needs are also part of the ICP which aids the service user and the carers to identify how well services will tackle those needs. A generic care plan that involves all the care environments and identifies care needs. The ICP guides the professional undertaking the care plan to take into account past experience, cause of the current state, if present previously what was done to reduce the symptoms at the time. The diagnosis of dementia can be made using the ICP records that a diagnosis of dementia (and subtype) is made following a full assessment including history taking (including from third party), cognitive assessment, mental condition examination and general physical examination and investigations as recommended by SIGN 86 guidelines. Information about dementia should be made available to the client. The ICP records that, depending on the person’s level of capacity, information is given to the service users and/or carers, about benefits, future management of finances and personal welfare. The ICP records that information is provided about benefits and concessions personal welfare powers of attorney, and sources of independent legal and financial advice. It also looks into the vulnerability of people with dementia, that is recording the risk of abuse and neglect to patients are assessed. With all these assessments undertaken and it becomes apparent that client suffers may show signs of dementia, a referral needs to be made again by the assessor as per the ICP referral guidelines to the community mental health team for a specialist assessment and diagnosis. Exercise 3 One of the most important skills a nurse can possess is the ability to establish a relationship. Within mental health setting this ability has been described to be crucial as it is the factor that determines the success of interventions of service users who need psychiatric care. Within mental health nurse-patient relationship requires trust (Videbeck S, 2010). On my first placement in an inpatient ward, I was not sure what to say and when to see anything. A client then approached me and asked my name and how long I was there for. My immediate reaction was one of sock and again relaxation. I answered the questions he put to me and that from the knowledge I have gather was the beginning of a relationship. Peplau’s model of nursing also illustrates the use of self to promote an effective and therapeutic care delivery. Elder et al defines self as the concept that describes the core of our personality. He also illustrates that the nurses describe congruency, realness and accuracy as a means of projecting the nurse’s true self. Being self aware allows us to be know how to respond to specific situations and knowing our values, attitudes and biases towards people and situations and about knowing how our human needs reflect in our work. Self-disclosure is used by mental health nurses to again develop therapeutic relationship with clients. In this nurses tend to use their own experience of life to help clients to make sense and appreciate the difficulties of life, this is sometimes immediately or spontaneously noticed by the clients themselves. From the experience above my self awareness with not knowing what to say initially was noticed by the client to enable him come up to me to engage in that conversation. Through the contact with the client a relationship was created where we ended up disclosing circumstances within our lives with each other, I however was aware of how much of my own information I had to pass on to him. For an effective and therapeutic use of self a nurse must be aware of the boundaries round ones own values, beliefs and perception of life as a whole. Once these are addressed then one can easily and effectively use self to the benefit of the client-nurse relationship. Exercise 4 Registered nurse mental health (RNMH) is a nurse who helps psychiatrics, psychologist and other mental health professionals counsel and treat clients with mental disorders. They work within either hospital or community settings. They assist in crisis interventions, help patients with daily care routines, administer medications, and formulate treatment plans and treatment regimens. Psychiatric nurses with masters degrees who complete practice in a supervised clinical situation can become a mental health nurse practitioner. A nursing student should master the therapeutic alliance, which involves the relationship between a mental health nurse, a psychiatric patient and other health care professionals treating the patient. This can be achieved through elective courses, internships and assisting other professionals with patients in a clinical setting. Psychiatric nurses must earn an RN (registered nurse) designation through proper education and certification before practicing professional ly. Registered nurse adult (RN) is also nurses who Reference Videbeck, S. L. 2010, Psychiatric-mental health nursing. 3rd ed, Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. http://www.mhguidelines-leics.nhs.uk/default.aspx?page=oad_guidelines http://www.nhshealthquality.org/nhsqis/files/MENTALHEALTHICP_STAND_APR07.pdf http://www.sehd.scot.nhs.uk/publications/DC20090930dementia.pdf

Comparison of Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Proctor in Millers The Cr

Comparison of Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Proctor in Miller's The Crucible The Crucible is play that helps to show human nature through a series of events linked through the Salem witch trials. In this play, a group of young teenagers would undermine the religious government and make a mockery of the Salem judicial system. Miller also shows human nature through the development of characters. Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Proctor are foils of each other and have many differences; they would also develop many similar traits. One of the main links between the two women is their love for John Proctor. This would create much animosity between the two women and would lead to much strife between the two. While Abigail Williams saw Elizabeth Proctor as an old witch that only wished to blacken her name to the community, Elizabeth saw Abigail as a whore that only wished to steal her husband away. I am convinced that Abigail’s beauty and youth also served to create a hostile atmosphere as Elizabeth is threatened by this. Another reason that Elizabeth is threatened by Abigail is the fact that she believes that Abigail still has feelings for her husband. Even though Elizabeth eventually comes to the realization that her husband has no feelings for Abigail, she continues to hold on to the notion that they did share something, which becomes evident when John Proctor is forced to state â€Å"Then how do you charge me with such a promise? The promise that a stallion gives a mare I gave...

Emerson Characterizes a True Poet :: Emerson Poet Essays

Emerson Characterizes a True Poet We live in world today where people claim to be songwriters, musicians, artists, and even poets. These people say they are because they feel they have a gift or a special talent. They try to use their talent to make money and never once stop and do it to feed their soul or look at it for the beauty of the piece. Emerson says to be a true poet one must have these qualities: the sayer, the namer and represents beauty (1648). If you try to write putting yourself in the view of Emersonà ­s The Poet then you too will become a great writer or poet. First we should look at the quality of the sayer. Basically all it is, is that you announce that which no man foretold. He is the true and only doctor; he knows and tells; he is the only teller of news. He is the beholder of the ideas...(1648-49). Emerson claims all poetry was written before time and that the true poet, when he writes, listens to the region where air is music and you hear whispers of poetry and the poet begins to write. The true poet will write it down accurately and with a delicate ear. The world we live in is such a work of art and its much a privilege to be living here. A poet can just go outside and write about the beauty he sees before him. There is so much one can write. One could write about life experiences, or one could just write about nature and its splendor. Emerson says that nature is like a picture-language and nature is expressed through images or symbols..nature is a symbol in the whole and every part. Every line we draw in the sand has expression and there is no body without its spirit or genious (1650). Emerson basically looks at everything in this world as a symbol because each image has so many different interpretations and ways to express it. Beauty is much in the eye of the beholder and how we express a particular item is up to the person and everyoneà ­s expression would different. Thatà ­s what makes poetry so great. The Poet is also the namer, or language maker, naming things sometimes after their appearance or essence and giving to every one its own name (1653).

Delamere Vineyard

Delamere Vineyard struggles to generate a consistent net income during the company’s quest for quality wine. Richard Richardson, owner, manager, and winemaker is concerned about the long term future of Delamere Vineyard. GOALS/OBJECTIVES: Develop the highest quality of Wine Richardson has been known for developing great wine and is constantly looking for ways to improve the overall quality. In 1994, customers even stated that his Reserve Pinot Noir was amazing and far superior to their competition.Richardson currently believes in three potential improvements exist and I have outlined his potential projects (highlight below). Option 1: Prevent Excessive Oxidation (Determine optimum SO2, level) a. )Potential Benefit: Prevent oxidation; improve the consistency and â€Å"fruitiness† b. )Risk: Decrease complexity c. ) Capital Expenditure: Zero dollars d. )Production: 10%-30% scrap This option would allow Richardson to produce a consistent wine on a year to year basis. Wine t hat uses SO2 will still command a high price and sell very well on the market. Less risk can be associated with this method as well.On the downside, by producing wine using SO2 you tend to reduce the individual character of the wine. Initially Richardson will risk the chance of losing some of his harvests; given Richardson previous chemistry back ground, he should be able to develop a formula faster than others. Option 2: Deepen Red Wine Color (Implement Rotofermenter) a. )Potential Benefit: Improve customer reception; 10% price increase b. )Risk: Altered taste c. ) Capital Expenditure: Rotofermenter $30,000 d. )Production: 10% Richardson has stated that customer’s traveling to his region and surrounding markets prefer wine with darker color. By using the rotofermenter,Richardson will be able to create a darker wine, which he believes will increase his retail by up to 10%. Based on Richardson’s revenue from 1997 this method would generate an additional $24,391. 80 in s ales. This option does raise the risk of potential oxidation, which in the past has plagued Richardson. The rotofermenter also has a chance of altering the taste the wine. The cost for introducing the rotofermenter is $30,000. Option 3: Optimum Fermentation Mix (Whole bunch; Destem: Full Crush) a. )Potential Benefit: Greater complexity, â€Å"character† b. )Risk: Customers may reject c. ) Capital Expenditure: New fermentation tank . )Production: 20%-40% This method has the potential to produce amazing wine that could sell at a much higher retail. The final product will not be similar to Richardson’s competition base and could potentially give him the edge in pinot noir sales; adding complexity to ever bottle. However, the taste and quality will vary from barrel to barrel. Lots of risks are associated with this process. This method would require that the grapes are handpicked and also smashed by feet which would increase labor costs. Consistency would be the largest pro blem and could potentially lead to decreased customer satisfaction.Close to 88% of Delamere’s customer base tends to purchase’s wine based on consistency and price, rather than the complexity and character. Delamere's current customer base is comprised of 58% cellar door purchases, 37% wholesale purchases and 4% to Mail order purchases. The chart below outlines the percentages of business for Delamere Vineyard. Delamere Vineyard % of sales 1997 Delamere Pinot NoirReserve Pinot NoirDry RedChardonnay Dollars$179,424. 00$32,671. 00$31,823. 00$36,118. 00$280,036. 00 Avg. $ per bottle12. 7516. 85810. 2 Bottles Sold 1407219393978354123530 % of Business64. 7%11. 67%11. 36%12. 90% Delamere Vineyard does have small percentage of his customer’s that prefer the complexity and unusual character of Richardson’s Reserve label. However, this particular customer accounts for merely 12% of their total wine business. During Richardson’s 12 years of winemaking the sp ecter of oxidation has reared its ugly head several times. In 1993, Richardson lost his entire vintage stock of chardonnay and in 1994 his pinot noir which was considered by many as his best but was criticized by Judge James Halliday as â€Å"prematurely aged†, indicative of oxidation.Some of Delamere’s customers have recently commented about a lack of consistency with Richardson’s wine. Below is a comment from one of Delamere’s wholesaler’s. â€Å"Richard, I’m worried about this year’s pinot. It’s very different to last year’s. What are you doing different? I’m worried that if I sell this to restaurants that took last year’s they’re going to be surprised, and perhaps disappointed† –Wholesaler, commenting on the 1994 whole-bunch reserve Pinot Noir. — Generate a consistent Income Over the course of 8 years, Delamere Vineyard has struggled to produce a consistent net income.As seen in the graph below, Delamere Vineyard’s net income was as low as -$41,124 in 1993, and as high as $70,218 in 1997. The lack of consistency makes it very hard for any business owner or manager to manage their business. Richardson has stated that wine making has its peaks and valleys and that your goal as a wine maker is to minimize the valleys and capitalize on the peaks. As you take a closer look at the graph, you will notice that that Delamere’s income never really spikes during its so called peaks and plummets during its so called valleys.What is most concerning is Richardson’s inability to capitalize on what many have stated as being his best Pinot Noir wine in 1994. Following this harvest Richardson produced good profits, but not records numbers. Profitability has not been a focal point of Richardson business in previous years. However, it should be something Richardson looks to improve given the statistics above. Relaying on the peaks of Delamere is like h oping one gets lucky. Expand current operations: Option 1: Plant more grapes Richardson is currently only using up 8. 1 acres of the available 21. 3 acres, which accounts for only 38% of his land suitable for vineyards.Below is an example of how much Richardson could increase production by merely doubling his operations. 1997 Delamere Vineyard Production pinot noir chardonnaytotal Estimated production Acres of vines currently planted6. 91. 28. 116. 2 Yield per acre (Tonnes)3. 363. 366. 7213. 44 Liters of wine produced16. 2682,9052921. 2685842. 536 Casks (barrels)721385170 Evaporation and scrap (liters)97617411502300 % of scrap0 Total Liters wine (net)15,29227311802336046 Cases169930320024004 Bottles 20,38936412403048060 Library and Owners Use4001005001000 % of grape type0 Total Bottles (net)19,98935412353047060Option 2: Expand the Cellar Door Sales As stated above, Richardson is currently using 38% of his 21. 3 acres. The â€Å"Cellar Door† has become a unique experience for many of Richardson’s customers and also been a great source of revenue—roughly 58 % of Richardson business. The vast majority of the Cellar Door customer’s our tourist to the Tasmania region and Richardson should consider adding lodging accommodations for these guests. Richardson could possible encompass one nights lodging, wine seminar, and a case of wine. The obvious downsides would be the building cost and also additional employee help.Hire Additional Help: Add an additional employee that oversees the daily operations of the vineyard. This would be an added expense, but it will give Richardson the ability to focus on perfecting the wine making process. This will also help aid in future growth of the vineyard. Recommendation Given the fact that it will take time for planted grapes to harvests, I’ve broke down my recommendations based on years of operation. Year 1 In year one I’m recommending that Richardson start adding SO2 to his wine. Given Ric hardson’s chemistry background this should be relatively easy to implement.This change can be completed with very little start up cost and will help produce a consistent wine on a yearly basis; improving the overall quality of Richardson’s wine. The new wine consistency will pay dividends with Delamere’s wholesale customers—which accounts for 38% of his yearly business—where consistency has been critical. The addition of S02 has been instituted by other vineyards already and has been received well throughout the market place. Over/under oxidation will also not be as prevalent as in the previous years and should allow Richardson to increase the retail on his wine, increasing his gross margin.Richardson will need to research his competitors pricing to see how big of an increase is justified. I’m also recommending that you plant an additional 8. 1 acres of grapes. Given the fact that nearly 62% of your vineyard lays vacant, you will more than d ouble your GMROI in future years to come. Year 3 Once the newly planted crop is ready for harvest I’m suggesting that Richardson hire an additional employee that can manage your daily operations of the vineyard. It is during this time that I’m suggesting that Richardson also consider pursuing optimum fermentation.This would require the purchase of a fermentation tank but would allow Richardson to express his creativity and focus on the overall quality/complexity of your pinot noir. I recommended that Richardson only devote 4 acres of his vineyard to this method given the risk associated with this practice which I have highlighted above. Year 8 The last improvement is one that will have to be based on the over success of the other improvements mentioned above. By this time Richardson should have a grasp on whole bunch fermentation and mastered the art of adding SO2 to his wine.Richardson will have created a successful vineyard and more likely will be looking for other w ays to improve creativity of his vineyard. It is at this time I that I suggest Richardson look into developing the remaining 5. 1 acres into a bed and breakfast lodge. More than 50% of his business already comes from cellar door customers that are visiting the Tasmania region. This could become a popular venue for tourists interested in wine making, wine tasting events, weddings, and other special events. The initial cost of this recommendation would be extremely high; however, it has the potential to increase sales dramatically.